Mark 15:33-41 - Revision of the Textus Receptus

The gospel according to Mark

Chapter 15

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33. γενομενης δε[1] ωρας εκτης σκοτος εγενετο εφ ολην την γην εως ωρας ενατης[2] And when the sixth hour had come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour.

34. και τη ωρα τη[3] ενατη εβοησεν ο ιησους φωνη μεγαλη λεγων ελωι ελωι λαμα[4] σαβαχθανι ο εστιν μεθερμηνευομενον ο θεος μου ο θεος μου εις τι με εγκατελιπες And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, “Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani?” which is, being interpreted, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”

35. και τινες των παρεστηκοτων ακουσαντες ελεγον ιδε[5] ηλιαν φωνει And some of those who stood by, when they heard it, said, “Behold, he is calling Elijah.”

36. δραμων δε εις[6] και γεμισας σπογγον οξους περιθεις τε[7] καλαμω εποτιζεν αυτον λεγων αφετε ιδωμεν ει ερχεται ηλιας καθελειν αυτον And one ran, and[8] filled a sponge full of vinegar, and put it on a reed and gave it to him to drink, saying, “Let be. Let us see whether Elijah comes to take him down.”

37. ο δε ιησους αφεις φωνην μεγαλην εξεπνευσεν And letting out a great cry, Jesus yielded the spirit.

38. και το καταπετασμα του ναου εσχισθη εις δυο απο[9] ανωθεν εως κατω And the veil of the temple was torn in two from the top to the bottom.

39. ιδων δε ο κεντυριων ο παρεστηκως εξ εναντιας αυτου οτι ουτως κραξας εξεπνευσεν ειπεν αληθως ο ανθρωπος ουτος υιος ην θεου And when the centurion, who stood by opposite him, saw that he cried out[10] like this and yielded the spirit, he said, “Truly this man was the Son of God!”

40. ησαν δε και γυναικες απο μακροθεν θεωρουσαι εν αις ην[11] και μαρια η μαγδαληνη και μαρια η [12] ιακωβου του μικρου και ιωση[13] μητηρ και σαλωμη And there were also women watching from a distance, among whom were both Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of James the less and of Joses, and Salome,

41. αι και οτε ην εν τη γαλιλαια ηκολουθουν αυτω και διηκονουν αυτω και αλλαι πολλαι αι συναναβασαι αυτω εις ιεροσολυμα who also[14], when he was in Galilee, followed him and ministered to him, and many other women who came up with him to Jerusalem.

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[1] NA-Text and Vg-St read “και”, placing it before the verb at the beginning of the verse (Latin equivalent: “et”), which is supported by codices א, B and D. The TR is supported by codex Θ, the Byzantine manuscripts and Theophylact. Both readings are viable and the meaning is the same.

[2] NA-Text and M-Text read “ενατης”. See footnote in Matthew 27:45. Correction applied also to verse 34.

[3] NA-Text omits the definite article “τη”, possibly due to a parableptic error (τη ενατη, thus missing “τη”).

[4] NA-Text reads “λεμα”, which is supported by codices א, C, L, Δ, Ψ, 083, minuscules 72, 495, 517, 579, 892, 1342 and 1675, the old Latin codices it^c and it^l and Eusebius. M-Text reads “λιμα”, which is supported by codices A, K, M, P, U, X, Γ, Π, family of manuscripts ƒ¹, minuscules 33, 106, 118, 131, 209, 543, 697, 700, 1270, the Byzantine manuscripts and the Harklean Syriac version.  “λαμα” is supported by codices B, D, N, Θ, Σ, 059, manuscripts 1, 22, 565, 1295, 1582 and the old Latin codex itⁱ. Minuscule 28 reads “λειμα”. “λαμμα” in the TR follows the reading in the vulgate and is supported by Theophylact. The reading has been corrected to “λαμα”, which is supported by all text-types and is consistent with the reading in Matthew 27:46.

[5] NA-Text and P-Text read “ιδε” (aorist instead of second aorist), which is supported by codices א, B, L, Δ, Ψ, family of manuscripts ƒ¹³, minuscules 1, 33, 892 and 1424. The aorist is supported by codex A, K, the Byzantine manuscripts and Theophylact. Mark uses both form, but as the support for the Alexandrian reading is slightly better, it has been adopted in the Greek text.

[6] NA-Text reads “τις” (a certain), which is possibly a miscopy of “εις”.

[7] NA-Text brackets “and”.

[8] NA-Text and Vg-St omit “τε” (and), which is omitted by codices א, B, D and Θ. The inclusion is supported by the Byzantine manuscripts and Theophylact. The support for the omission is good, but because of the risk of missing this small word by visual homoieoarcton (περιθεις τε, thus missing “and”), it is not prudent to change the text here. This word appears in the parallel passage and because the word order is different, harmonization is less likely.

[9] NA-Text reads “απ”. Contracted form of the same preposition.

[10] NA-Text omits “cried out” and renders “saw that he yielded the spirit like this”, which is seems to be a local adjustment that is found in Alexandrian majuscules and reflected in Coptic versions.

[11] NA-Text and Vg-St omit “ην” (were), which is supported by codices א and B. The inclusion is supported by codices D, Θ, the Byzantine manuscripts and Theophylact. It is not prudent to go any further with a slim support like this.

[12] NA-Text omits the definite article “του”. The omission is supported by codices א, B, C, D, K, L, N, W, Δ, Θ, Ψ, 0184, family of manuscripts ƒ¹³, minuscules 28, 33, 565, 892, 1010, 1424 and Theophylact. The inclusion is supported by codex A and the Byzantine manuscripts. It is evident that this article is the product of a local change in the text and does not belong in the original Greek text. The article has then been removed, following the NA-Text.

[13] NA-Text reads “ιωσητος”.

[14] NA-Text omits “also”, which is probably due to a parableptic error caused by visual homoeoteleuton (αι και, thus missing “also”).

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Notes:

1. Text in red letters are places where the original reading in the Textus Receptus has been revised and corrected;

2. The English translation used as a reference is the WEB brought to conformity as literal as possible to the Textus Receptus. The end product though is not the WEB or a revised WEB and it should not be called WEB. The content of this post is freely available to everyone and it is not supposed to be copyrighted;

3. TR: Textus Receptus. This text is not copyrighted;

4. NA-Text: Nestle-Aland text commonly known as critical text;

5. M-Text: Majority Text;

6. Vg-St: Vulgate of Stuttgart;  

7. WPF³⁵: Wilbur Pickering-family 35;

8. P-Text: Patriarchal Text, also known as Patriarchal Greek New Testament, published by the ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople.

9. The creator of the variant apparatus available in the VarApp kindly gave me permission to freely use the information contained in the material he put together.

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To God all the glory for the preservation of the scriptures! He reigns!